Plato and the Other Companions of Sokrates, 3rd ed. Volume 1

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Gutenberg ID

40435

Title

Plato and the Other Companions of Sokrates, 3rd ed. Volume 1

Language

en

Book source

Project Gutenberg

Description max 80 words

George Grote's seminal work examines the condition of Hellenic philosophy in Athens following Socrates' death, contrasting Plato's dramatic dialogues with Aristotle's systematic approach. The text defends the authenticity of Plato's canon against modern critics while exploring the evolution from Pre-Socratic cosmology to ethical inquiry.

Summary up to 500 words

In the third edition of *Plato and the Other Companions of Sokrates*, Volume I, George Grote presents a comprehensive analysis of Greek philosophy, focusing on the revolutionary shift initiated by Socrates. Grote argues that while pre-Socratic thinkers like Thales sought natural causes for cosmic phenomena, Socrates redirected philosophical inquiry toward ethics and politics, bringing philosophy down from the heavens to human affairs. The work meticulously defends the traditional Platonic canon established by Thrasyllus, asserting that Plato's Academy provided a unique institutional framework that preserved his genuine manuscripts and distinguished them from forgeries. Unlike other contemporary authors who lacked permanent schools or custodians for their works, Plato founded a fixed residence at Athens where his disciples, such as Speusippus and Xenokrates, maintained the original manuscripts and exposed any attempts at forgery. Grote explores philosophy as a polemical discipline aimed at correcting common errors through reasoned examination rather than accepting authority. He analyzes specific dialogues like the *Euthyphron*, utilizing Socratic interrogation to expose ignorance regarding concepts such as piety. The text contrasts Plato's search for universal Forms with Xenophon's reliance on local laws and customs, highlighting how Plato postulated a canon of what the gods ought to love, independent of prevailing religious practices. Grote also addresses the preservation of unfinished fragments and sketches within the Academy's library, suggesting they were published posthumously. Ultimately, the volume vindicates ancient critical traditions against modern skepticism, presenting Plato not merely as a historical figure but as a unique genius whose dramatic dialogues represent the true manifestation of philosophical thought.

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Categories

• Classics
• Philosophy