Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, "Borgia, Lucrezia" to "Bradford, John" / Volume 4, Slice 3

Metadata

Gutenberg ID

33698

Title

Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, "Borgia, Lucrezia" to "Bradford, John" / Volume 4, Slice 3

Language

en

Book source

Project Gutenberg

Description max 80 words

This volume of the Eleventh Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica offers concise, authoritative entries on a diverse range of historical figures, geographical locations, and scientific subjects. From the scandalous life of Lucrezia Borgia to the geological formations of Bovey Beds, the text provides factual overviews with a neutral, encyclopedic tone, serving as a reliable reference for general knowledge and historical inquiry.

Summary up to 500 words

Volume IV, Slice III of the Eleventh Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica presents a diverse collection of articles spanning history, geography, science, and the arts, maintaining a factual and objective tone grounded in primary sources. The volume opens with a detailed biography of Lucrezia Borgia (1480–1519), daughter of Pope Alexander VI. It recounts her tumultuous early life, marked by politically motivated marriages to Spanish nobles and the tragic murder of her first husband, Alfonso of Aragon. Following her father's death, she retreated to Ferrara, where she led a peaceful life as Duchess, patronizing renowned artists such as Titian and Dosso Dossi, and fostering a court of scholars including Ariosto. The text also profiles Solon Hannibal Borglum, an American sculptor celebrated for his Western-themed depictions of cowboys and Indians, and Ambrogio Borgognone, an Italian painter of the Lombard school known for his frescoes at the Certosa in Pavia. Geographical entries describe the town of Borgo San Donnino in Emilia, Italy, and the geological Bovey Beds in Devonshire, England, a deposit of sands and lignite formed in a lake. Historical military analysis covers the Battle of Bouvines in 1214, a decisive French victory under King Philip Augustus against a coalition led by Emperor Otto IV and King John of England, highlighting strategic maneuvers and the famous stand of Reginald of Boulogne. The volume further details the life of Admiral François Joseph Bouvet, who commanded a French squadron during the Revolutionary Wars and attempted an expedition to Ireland. Legal and political figures are also examined, including John Bouvier, an American jurist whose law dictionary became a standard reference, and John Bradford, an English Protestant martyr executed in 1555 for refusing to renounce his faith under Queen Mary. Additionally, the text profiles Edward Braddock, the British general defeated and killed in 1755 during the French and Indian War, and Mary Elizabeth Braddon, a Victorian novelist known for works like *Lady Audley's Secret*. Through these varied entries, the volume offers concise yet comprehensive insights into the cultural, scientific, and historical landscape of the early 20th century.

LLM editorial rating

4.2/5

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Categories

• Encyclopedias and dictionaries