The Philosophy of Disenchantment

Metadata

Gutenberg ID

40079

Title

The Philosophy of Disenchantment

Language

en

Book source

Project Gutenberg

Description max 80 words

Edgar Evertson Saltus explores the modern pessimistic school of thought, tracing its origins from ancient Greek and Roman philosophy to the works of Schopenhauer. The text argues that while life is inherently filled with pain and illusion, subjective qualities like health, a noble character, and a light-hearted disposition are the true sources of happiness, rather than wealth or the opinions of others.

Summary up to 500 words

In 'The Philosophy of Disenchantment,' Edgar Evertson Saltus explores the historical shift from ancient optimism to modern pessimism, arguing that while early humanity viewed happiness as a divine birthright, recent thought has increasingly defined existence as a theatre of misery. Saltus traces this evolution through literature from Greece to France, noting that while ancient poets like Homer and Sophocles occasionally expressed personal sorrow, the prevailing tone was one of hope. However, with the decline of empire and the rise of cynicism, figures like Seneca and Hegesias began to assert that life is inherently lamentable and that death is a preferable release from pain. The work places significant emphasis on Arthur Schopenhauer, whom Saltus identifies as the 'High Priest of Pessimism.' Schopenhauer's doctrine posits that the world is driven by a blind will, rendering happiness an illusion. In his essay 'Conduct of Life,' Schopenhauer argues that true contentment relies not on external wealth or social standing, but on internal resources. Saltus highlights Schopenhauer's assertion that subjective possessions—such as a noble character, a capable mind, an easy disposition, and a healthy body—are far more essential to well-being than material riches. Wealth is merely a rampart against discomfort, not a source of joy, and the fear of public opinion is a superstition hostile to happiness. Saltus further elaborates on Schopenhauer's view that health is the 'hard cash' of happiness, whereas wealth is merely a promissory note. A light-hearted disposition allows one to find pleasure in any circumstance, while illness renders even the most desirable things unenjoyable. Consequently, the work advocates for a tranquil, unpretentious existence free from the drudgery of labor and the vanity of public acclaim. By cultivating self-reliance and accepting life's limitations with clear-headedness, individuals can find peace within themselves, independent of the 'theatre of misery' that surrounds them. Ultimately, despite the gloomy subject matter, Saltus presents a coherent argument for finding serenity through internal strength rather than external validation.

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Categories

• Philosophy