Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, "Bulgaria" to "Calgary" / Volume 4, Part 4

Metadata

Gutenberg ID

19846

Title

Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, "Bulgaria" to "Calgary" / Volume 4, Part 4

Language

en

Book source

Project Gutenberg

Description max 80 words

This volume of the Encyclopaedia Britannica offers a comprehensive reference on Bulgaria, Canada, and historical calendars, alongside entries on Roman history, geography, and etymology. With detailed geographical, geological, and climatic data, it serves as an authoritative historical resource for scholars and general readers seeking factual knowledge on diverse global topics.

Summary up to 500 words

Volume 4, Part 4 of the Encyclopaedia Britannica's 11th Edition offers a comprehensive survey of diverse geographical, historical, and cultural subjects. The volume opens with an extensive entry on Bulgaria, detailing its formidable mountain ranges, including the Balkans and the Rhodope. The text describes the geological formations, noting rounded summits in the Balkans and the sharper, pine-clad steeps of the Rhodope, which connects to the Alpine system. The entry explores the country's climate, characterized by extreme local contrasts, and its rich fauna, which includes bears, wolves, and diverse birdlife. The mineral wealth of Bulgaria is also highlighted, alongside the therapeutic qualities of its thermal springs. The flora section divides the country's vegetation into distinct zones, from the northern steppes to the Alpine regions. The volume also provides a detailed account of Calgary, the oldest city in Alberta, situated on the Bow River. It emphasizes the city's strategic role as a railway hub following the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway in the 1880s and its development as a center for wholesale trade and industry. Beyond geography, the text includes scholarly tables of Hebrew and Mahommedan calendars, listing principal days such as the Feast of Tabernacles and the New Year. It further catalogs various historical epochs and eras, ranging from the Grecian Mundane era to the Julian Period. Historical figures and events receive significant attention. The entry on Quintus Fufius Calenus details his service under Julius Caesar, his consulship, and his eventual death opposing Octavianus. Ambrogio Calepino, the Italian lexicographer, is profiled for his monumental polyglott dictionary. The volume also covers the American Civil War, specifically the Second Battle of Bull Run, describing the complex maneuvers of Generals Lee, Pope, and Jackson, and the fierce fighting that resulted in a Confederate victory. Etymological entries explain terms like 'bully,' while biographical sketches of Bernhard Ernst von Bülow and his son, Bernhard Heinrich Karl, Prince von Bülow, trace their careers in Danish and Prussian diplomacy. Additionally, the entry on the Golden Calf recounts the biblical narrative of the Israelites' idolatry during Moses' absence on Mount Yahweh.

LLM editorial rating

4.2/5

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Categories

• Encyclopedias and dictionaries