The Texts of Taoism, Part 1

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Gutenberg ID

—

Title

The Texts of Taoism, Part 1

Language

en

Book source

Global Grey

Description max 80 words

James Legge's classic translation presents the foundational texts of Taoism, exploring Lao-Tze's philosophical speculations and Kwang-dze's writings on harmony, simplicity, and the natural flow of life. This volume offers timeless wisdom through ancient Chinese philosophy, inviting readers to transcend conventional knowledge and align with the Tao.

Summary up to 500 words

In this seminal volume, James Legge translates and introduces the foundational texts of Taoism, primarily the *Tao Teh King* by Lao-Tze and the *Writings of Kwang-dze*. The collection begins with a preface detailing the historical evolution of Taoism from a philosophical opposition to Confucianism into a complex system later influenced by Buddhism. Legge provides extensive scholarly notes, comparing his translations with earlier Latin, German, and English versions, and addressing debates regarding the authenticity of the texts. He asserts his confidence in the *Tao Teh King* as a genuine relic of Lao-Tze, one of the most original minds of the Chinese race. The first major text, the *Tao Teh King*, is divided into two parts. It opens with the famous metaphor of the 'Great Mother' giving birth to ten thousand things without effort. The text advocates for *wu-wei* (non-action), urging rulers and individuals to avoid artificial interference, fame, and excessive knowledge, which are seen as sources of conflict and decay. Through parables of the uncarved block, the simplicity of a child, and the stillness of a mirror, Lao-Tze illustrates the ideal of returning to a primal, undisturbed state. The text also touches on the nature of the sage, who possesses the Tao and acts without conscious effort, and the concept of the 'True Man' who embodies this wisdom. The second major section features the *Writings of Kwang-dze*, a collection of dialogues and anecdotes. These stories often involve the 'Penumbra' and the 'Shadow,' exploring the relativity of perception and the illusion of reality, famously illustrated by the dream of the butterfly. The writings address the dangers of political engagement, arguing that attempting to reform corrupt states often leads to the destruction of the reformer. Through conversations with figures like Yen Hui and the Master of the Left, Kwang-dze critiques the Confucian pursuit of ritual and moral fame, suggesting that true virtue lies in accepting the natural order of life and death without attachment or grief. The text concludes with reflections on the limitations of human understanding and the necessity of trusting in the invisible operation of Heaven to harmonize conflicting opinions.

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4.2/5

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Categories

• Religion
• Philosophy